The United States and Japan have announced a $1 billion scientific partnership that will make Japan the first international partner in President Trump’s Genesis Mission, a U.S. effort focused on accelerating science with artificial intelligence and advanced computing.

The agreement, unveiled by the U.S. Department of Energy and Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, along with the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, sets up a five-year collaboration worth $500 million from each country. Officials said the effort is designed to expand computing infrastructure and speed research in areas ranging from quantum information science to fusion energy.

The partnership brings together 11 joint scientific teams linking 12 DOE national laboratories, one DOE Office of Science user facility, and 12 Japanese research institutions. According to the announcement, the work will focus on quantum science, biotechnology, advanced materials, particle physics, fusion, and autonomous laboratory systems.

DOE Under Secretary for Science and Genesis Mission lead Darío Gil said the arrangement combines two major scientific powers to accelerate discovery and shape how research is done in the AI era. Japanese officials framed the deal as part of broader national strategies to strengthen science and technology investment, including work on AI and computing as drivers of research and industrial competitiveness.

Japan’s MEXT vice minister for policy coordination, Yasuyoshi Kakita, said the country’s AI for Science strategy is meant to expand capabilities in both research and industry, and that the new U.S. partnership would strengthen research in both countries. METI vice minister for international affairs Takehiko Matsuo said Japan sees next-generation computing as an area that requires close cooperation with the United States, and described the country as a trusted partner in the Genesis Mission.

The collaboration builds on the U.S.-Japan Technology Prosperity Deal signed in 2025 and is intended to create a longer-term framework involving government, universities, industry, philanthropic groups, and research institutions in both countries. Officials said early projects are expected to include work between RIKEN, the University of Tokyo, the National Institute for Materials Science, and DOE laboratories to build autonomous labs using AI and robotics.

Another set of planned collaborations would connect KEK, the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, RIKEN, J-PARC, DOE labs, and DOE user facilities to improve particle accelerator technology. The announcement said those projects would build on decades of scientific cooperation between the two nations.

Researchers involved in the partnership will have access to major computing systems in both countries, including DOE high-performance computers and Japan’s Fugaku supercomputer. The agencies said this infrastructure should enable new kinds of AI-driven research and scientific discovery.

The DOE said the partnership supports the Genesis Mission’s broader goal of doubling the productivity and impact of American science and engineering within a decade. That effort relies on AI, advanced computing, and international collaboration to speed up discoveries and reshape how scientific research is conducted.

The announcement did not say when specific projects will begin, but it described the agreement as one of the most significant scientific and technological collaborations between the United States and Japan to date.